Fluid operated motor



1935- o. w. JOHNSON FLUID OPERATED MOTOR Filed Dec, 1, 1952 2$heets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR. OSCAR W. TOHNSON BY M de 9 /5 1 V EYE Dec. 31,1935. o. w. JOHNSON FLUID OPERATED MOTOR Filed Dec. 1, 1932 2Sheets-Sheet 2 uvmyrozz.

OSCAR W. JOHNSON Patented Dec. 31, 1935 2,026,347

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFIQE FLUID OPERATED MOTOR Oscar W. Johnson,Rochester, N. Y., assignor to The American Laundry Machinery Company,Cincinnati, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Application December 1, 1932,Serial No. 645,243

1 Claim. .(Cl. 121-38) My invention relates to a motor means of apressing engagement with a pressing bed carpiston and cylinder type, andwill be hereinafter ried by the frame I by means of straightening ofdescribed as the motor means for a scissors type a toggle mechanism madeup of links 6 and I pressing machine including head and bed mempivotallyconnected together as at 8, the link 6 bers movable into pressingengagement by such having one of its ends pivotally connected to the 6motor means. arm 3 as at 9 and the link I having one end piv- It is oneobject of my invention to provide a otally connected to the frame I asat [0, the togpiston and cylinder type motor means wherein gle mechanismbeing actuated by a motor means the relative movement of the pressingmembers hereinafter described. Reversely, the head 4 is in closing andin exerting pressing pressure on moved out of engagement with the bed 5and work therebetween will be greatly multiplied the toggle broken bymeans of a. spring H havrelative to the movement of the piston of theingoneof its ends connected to the frame I and motor means, to therebypermit of a piston and its other end connected to the arm 3 on theopcylinder type motor means wherein the piston has posite side of thepivot thereof from the head 4.

a short throw and requires but a small volume A motor means forstraightening the toggle 1 of fluid pressure, in contradistinction tothe made up of the links 6 and 1 consists of a piston hereinbeforeprevalent type of piston and cyll2 in a cylinder l3, the piston l2having its rod inder motor means wherein the piston had a long l4connected to the toggle link 1 as at l5. Such throw for causing initialengagement of the pressconnection between the piston rod l4 and the linking members and thus necessitated a relatively 1 is well below thepivotal connection 8 between large volume of fluid pressure. the links 6and I to thereby reduce the distance Another object of my invention isto pronecessary for the piston l2 to travel in straightvide a motormeans of the piston and cylinder ening the toggle to move the pressinghead 4 into type wherein quick closing of the pressing memengagementwith the pressing bed 5 and cause hers is accomplished with a shortthrow of the pressing engagement therebetween. Fluid prespiston; whereinthe motor means includes a sure is supplied to the cylinder [3 to movethe minimum number of parts; and wherein the piston l2 in one directionthrough a fluid line l6, motor means is a self-contained unit of a nathepiston l2 being moved in the opposite directure to be applicable tosubstitution for the pistion by action of the spring II in breaking the3 ton and cylinder type motor means now in use toggle made up of thelinks 6 and l. 0 without necessitating changes'in the pressing Flow offluid through this line is controlled by machine construction. a valvell operable by ahandle l8. Preferably,

Various other objects and advantageous feathere are two of these valvesconnected either in tures of my invention will be seen in thefollowseries or in sequence in the fluid line, whereby to ingdescription and one embodiment thereof may provide the well known twohand control. be seen in the accompanying drawings wherein In accordancewith my invention, the piston similar characters of reference designatecorrerod I4 is not-rigidly connected to the piston l2 sponding parts,and wherein: but is connected thereto by an articulated con- Fig. 1 is aside elevation of a pressing machine nection. As shown in Figs. 2 and 3,the face of having a motor means constructed in accordthe piston I2toward the piston rod I4 is proance with my invention forming a partthere-- vided with three outwardly extending bifurcated of; F g- 2 is aView longitudinally of the motor lugs or ears I9 and the connectionbetween the means, partly in section, showing the piston and piston l2and the piston rod I4 is made by a cylinder type motor means constructedin acp ura ity o toggles made p of links 20 and cordance with myinvention; Fig. 3 is a view taken The links 20 are pivotally connectedintermediate on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2; and Fig. 4 is a view their ends,and preferably at a point closer one similar to Fig. 2 but showing amodified form of end than the other of the links as at 22, to the motormeans. ears l9, the lower ends of these links being con- In Fig. l ofthe drawings, I have shown a nected to the links 2| as at 23. At theiropposite pressing machine of the scissors type which inends the links 2|are pivotally connected as at 24 cludes a base frame I provided with anupwardly to a spider 25 which is integral with or rigidly extending arm2 on the rearward side thereof, connected to the innermost end of thepiston rod on which is pivotally mounted an arm 3 carrying l4. It willbe noted in Fig. 3 that the ears or outa. pressing head 4 on one endthereof. The wardly extending lugs 19 are circumferentially pressinghead 4 is arranged to be moved into spaced on the surface of the pistonl2. The free mounted on the inner surface of the closure 29 for one endof the cylinder, the segments of the spider 25 having bearing surfaceson the inner surfaces of these extensions as shown at 30 in Fig. 3 whichserves to hold the piston rod in aligned position. The circumferentiallyspaced toggles serve to maintain the alignment of the piston l2.

In the operation of this motor means, when fluid pressure is allowed toflow through the line l6 and into the cylinder l l by reason ofoperation of the valve or valves [1, the piston I2 is moved forwardly.The free ends of the links 20 which carry the rollers 26 are heldagainst movement by reason of the rollers 26 contacting with the innerends of the inwardly extending members 28. Thus, forward movement of thepiston 12 will result in movement of the link 20 about its pivot withthe lower end of the link moving outwardly to the right as viewed inFig. 2 which will serve to project the piston rod l 4 outwardly throughthe link connections 2|. With this arrangement, it will be apparent thatthe piston rod i l will move outwardly of the cylinder .at a much fasterrate than the rate at which the piston 12 is moving since the pivots 22of the links 20 are closer the top than the bottom of the links. 7Continued outward movement of the piston l2 will continue to swing thelinks 20 about their pivots 22 and move the piston rod l4 outwardlythrough the "toggle straightening effect until the toggle issubstantially straightened and the rollers 26 pass beneath or inside ofthe inward extending members '28, the parts and connections beingpreferably so arranged that the pressing'members reach initialengagement simultaneously with straightening which occurs before thepiston l2 reaches the innermost ends of the inwardly extending members28. Likewise, the pivotal connections '22 between the links 29 and theears or outwardly extending lugs i9 is such that the rollers 26 willengage depressions 3! in the surfaceof the piston 12, which depressionsare made on true circular arcs struck from the centersyof the pivots 22.Thus, when the toggles made up of thelinks 2E] "and 2| are straightened,the moving effect of the piston I2 will be transmitted directly to thepiston "rodl'fi through the links -20 and 2! and the movement of thepiston rod M will be at the same rate as that of the piston l2. Thus,movement of the piston l2 under the effect of fluid pressure admitted tothe cylinder will be first effective to move the piston rod l4 outwardlywith considerable speed to cause a quick closing of the pressing membersand then a final slower movement which produces the pressing pressurebetween the members.

Referring to Fig. 4 of the drawings, I have 5 shown a modified form ofmotor unit wherein only a single inwardly extending lug or ear 32 isprovided on the piston l2, this inwardly extending lug or ear beingconnected by a toggle mechanism identical with those hereinbeforedescribed with 10 the piston rod I4.

In this construction, only a single inwardly extending member isprovided on the closure 29 of the cylinder and the piston l2 differsfrom that hereinbefore described in that it includes an annularextension 33 which serves to 15 maintain the piston l2 in an alignedposition in the cylinder. Otherwise, the two constructions areidentical.

Referring to the drawings and the preceding description, I have provideda motor means of a 20 addition to this, I have provided a motor means 25wherein both the closing movement and the pressing pressure movement ofthe pressing members are accomplished by a relatively short travel ofthe piston. The accomplishment of these movements by such short pistonmovement gives the 30 advantage of permittingoperation of the pressingmachine with but a small volume of pressing pressure fluid.

What I claim is:

A motor means comprising a cylinder, a piston -adapted to reciprocatetherein, a piston rod guided for reciprocating movement axially of saidcylinder, a plurality of cam members spaced circumferentially about saidpiston rod, said cam members having portions'exten-ding longitudinally 4of said cylinder toward said piston and other portions extendingoutwardly therefrom transversely of said cylinder at the ends of saidcam members nearer the piston, said piston rod having at its inner end aportion rigid therewith and extending between the longitudinal portionsof said cam members, and a plurality of pairs of toggle links, one foreach cam member, each pair having the free end of one link pivotallysupported on said inner end portion of the piston rod and having thecentral portion of the other link of the pair pivotally supported on thepiston, the free end of each o-f'the last-named links being adapted tocontact the transverse portion of its associated cammember, whereby saidtoggles are straight- 55

